KAJIAN ADAPTASI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP BAHAYA ERUPSI GUNUNG MERAPI Studi Kasus: Kapanewon Pakem Kabupaten Sleman D.I. Yogyakarta

Sumaryanto, Prabowo Dzikri and Sukmawati, Annisa Mu'awanah (2022) KAJIAN ADAPTASI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP BAHAYA ERUPSI GUNUNG MERAPI Studi Kasus: Kapanewon Pakem Kabupaten Sleman D.I. Yogyakarta. Tugas Akhir thesis, University of Technology Yogyakarta.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Kapenewon Pakem memiliki luas wilayah 4.385 km2 dan terdiri dari 5 kalurahan, yaitu Pakembinangun, Candibinangun, Harjobinangun, Hargobinangun, dan Purwobinangun. Berbatasan langsung bagian barat dengan Gunung Merapi sejauh 6,7 km. Kecamatan Pakem rawan akan bahaya erupsi Gunung Merapi. Dampak yang dirasakan masyarakat seperti awan panas (Wedus Gembel) mengakibatkan banyak rumah warga serta sarana dan prasarana mengalami kerusakan. Lahar dingin yang menerjang Kali boyong Candibinangun dan Purwobinangun sedangkan Kali Kuning yang melewati Kelurahan Pakembinangun dan Hargobinangun yang mengakibatkan sarana air bersih seperti paralon milik warga rusak karena di terjang banjir lahar dingin erupsi Gunung Merapi. Perlu adanya adaptasi masyarakat yang meliputi aspek fisik, ekonomi, dan sosial supaya masyarakat siap siaga dan terbiasa hidup di kawasan rawan bencana gunung berapi. Metode penelitian kualitatif dipilih untuk mengalisis data, informasi yang didapat dari berbagai sumber dalam bentuk kata, gambar, dan informasi untuk mengetahui dampak erupsi Gunung Merapi, adaptasi masyarakat Kapanewon Pakem, serta memetakan adaptsi masyarakat. Wawancara dilakukan kepada lima narasumber. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Pembuatan peta adaptasi masyarakat Kapanewon Pakem terhadap bahaya erupsi Gunung Merapi ini menggunakan skala Continous Rating scale (CLS). Adapun responden yang penelitian yaitu Perangkat Desa dan Kepala Kelurahan di Kapanewon Pakem. Hasil penelitan ini menunjukkan bahwa adaptasi masyarakat pada 5 kalurahan di Kapanewon Pakem hampir sama, namun terdapat perbedaan. Kalurahan Candibinangun, Hargobinnagun, dan Purwobinangun sebagai wilayah terdekat dengan Gunung Merapi maka adaptasi yang dilakukan masyarakat lebih tinggi dalam segi adaptasi fisik dan adaptasi sosial. Sedangkan di daerah penyangga yaitu Kelurahan Pakembinangun dan Kelurahan Harjobinangun adaptasinya tidak seintensif kalurahan lain karena wilayah tersebut tidak terlalu terdampak letusan erupsi Gunung Merapi. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi acuan mengenai adaptasi masyarakat terhadap bahaya erupsi gunung berapi. Bagi pemerintah daerah menjadi arahan mengenai mitigasi bencana agar masyarakat waspada. Bagi masyarakat dapat memberikan gambaran tentang pola adaptasi di kawasan rawan erupsi gunung berapi. Kata kunci: Erupsi Gunung Merapi, Adaptasi Masyarakat, Aspek Adaptasi, Kapanewon Pakem ABSTRACT Pakem District has an area of 4,385 km2 and consists of 5 sub-districts, namely Pakembinangun, Candibinangun, Harjobinangun, Hargobinangun, and Purwobinangun. Directly adjacent to the west with Mount Merapi as far as 6.7 km. Pakem District is prone to the danger of the eruption of Mount Merapi. The impact felt by the community such as hot clouds (Wedus Gembel) resulted in many houses and facilities and infrastructure being damaged. Cold lava that hit Kali Boyong, Candibinangun, and Purwobinangun, while Kali Kuning passed through Kelurahan Pakembinangun and Hargobinangun, damaged clean water facilities such as pipe owned by residents due to the cold lava flood of the eruption of Mount Merapi. Community adaptations are required that includes physical, economic, and social aspects thus community is ready and accustomed to living in volcanic disaster-prone areas. Qualitative research methods were chosen to analyze data, and information obtained from various sources in the form of words, pictures, and information to determine the impact of the eruption of Mount Merapi, adaptation of the Kapanewon Pakem community, and mapping of community adaptation. Interviews were conducted with five informants. This study used a qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The mapping of the adaptation of the Kapanewon Pakem community to the dangers of the eruption of Mount Merapi uses the Continuous Rating scale (CLS). The respondents who did the research were the Village Apparatus and the Head of Kelurahan in Kapanewon Pakem. The results of this study indicate that the adaptation of the community in 5 sub-districts in Kapanewon Pakem is almost the same, but there are differences. The areas of Candibinangun, Hargobinnagun, and Purwobinangun as the closest areas to Mount Merapi, the adaptation carried out by the community is higher in terms of physical adaptation and social adaptation. Meanwhile, in the buffer areas, Pakembinangun and Harjobinangun Sub-districts, the adaptation is not as intensive as in other sub-districts since these areas are not too affected by the eruption of Mount Merapi. This research is expected to be a reference regarding community adaptation to the dangers of volcanic eruptions. For local governments, it is a directive on disaster mitigation so that people are alert. For the community, it can provide an overview of adaptation patterns in areas prone to volcanic eruptions. Keywords: Mount Merapi Eruption, Community Adaptation, Adaptation Aspects, Kapanewon Pakem

Item Type:	Thesis (Skripsi, Tugas Akhir or Kerja Praktek) (Tugas Akhir)
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > S1 Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota
Depositing User:	Kaprodi S1 PWK UTY
Date Deposited:	24 Oct 2022 08:02
Last Modified:	24 Oct 2022 08:02
URI:	http://eprints.uty.ac.id/id/eprint/11120

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