Wahidin, Faiha, Novia Russilawatie, S.S., M.Hum. (2021) THE BOROBUDUR TEMPLE COMPOUNDS. Tugas Akhir thesis, Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta.
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Abstract
The Borobudur Temple complex is one of the largest Buddhist monuments in the world, and was built in the 8th and 9th centuries AD during the reign of the Syailendra Dynasty. This monument is located in the Kedu Valley, in the southern part of Central Java, in the center of the island of Java, Indonesia. The main temple is a stupa built in three levels around a hill that is the center of nature: a pyramidal base with five concentric square terraces, a cone-shaped trunk with three circular platforms and, at the top, a monumental stupa. The walls and balustrades are decorated with fine, smooth reliefs, with a total surface area of 2,520 (two thousand five hundred and twenty) m2. Around the circular platform are 72 openwork stupas, each containing a Buddha statue. The vertical division of Borobudur Temple into the base, body, and superstructure is in accordance with the conception of the Universe in Buddhist cosmology. It is believed that the universe is divided into three spheres which lay over it, kamadhatu, rupadhatu and arupadhatu. The temple should also be seen as a monument to the Syailendra dynasty that ruled Java for about five centuries until the 10th century. The Borobudur Temple complex consists of three monuments: namely the Borobudur Temple and two smaller temples located to the east on a straight axis to Borobudur. The two temples are Candi Mendut, whose depiction of the Buddha is represented by a magnificent monolith accompanied by two Bodhisattvas, and Candi Pawon, a smaller temple whose inner space does not reveal which deity might be the object of worship. The three monuments represent the phase of attainment of Nirvana. This temple was used as a Buddhist temple from its construction until between the 10th and 15th centuries when it was abandoned. Since being rediscovered in the 19th century and restored in the 20th century, it has been brought back into the Buddhist archaeological site. The level of damage to building stones continues to increase, the cause of which needs further research. There was also minor damage caused by unsupervised visitors. The eruption of Mount Merapi is also considered to be one of the potential threats due to the deposition of acid ash as happened in 2010. The original materials were used to reconstruct the temple in two stages in the 20th century: after the turn of the century and others. recently (1973-1983). Most of the original materials were used with a few additions to consolidate the monument and ensure proper drainage which does not have a significant adverse impact on property values. Although the current state of the Borobudur Temple is the result of restoration, it retained more than enough original material when it was rediscovered to allow reconstruction. Keywords: temple complex, monument, damage, restoration
| Item Type: | Thesis (Skripsi, Tugas Akhir or Kerja Praktek) (Tugas Akhir) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | temple complex, monument, damage, restoration |
| Subjects: | P Language and Literature > PE English |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Humaniora > D3 Bahasa Inggris |
| Depositing User: | Kaprodi D3 Bahasa Inggris UTY |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Mar 2021 06:11 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Mar 2021 06:11 |
| URI: | http://eprints.uty.ac.id/id/eprint/6597 |
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